Acrobat trampoline center m sports. Trampoline jumping in the Acrobat trampoline center
MBOU "Babylonian secondary school"
abstract
"Acrobatic exercises"
Grade 8 studentPodgornova Maria
Physical education teacherTyurin Mikhail Nikolaevich
2015 year.
Plan
What is acrobatics?
Sports acrobatics.
Acrobatics and aerobics.
Acrobatics and the muscular system of the child.
How to learn acrobatics?
Appendix 1. Scheme-complex acrobatic workout
Appendix 2. Acrobatic exercises.
1. What is acrobatics?
Acrobatics it is a consistent system of various acrobatic elements and their direct implementation by athletes. Acrobatics is one of the most popular types of gymnastics. This is a difficult coordination sport, which requires agility, good physical fitness, special care and concentration from athletes.This sport, or rather the exercises that it includes, appeared in ancient times. The word “acrobat” comes from the Greek. “Acrobathes” - this means the following: “I walk on tiptoe, climb up”. It is believed that this type of exercise appeared back in 2300 BC. on the territory of ancient Egypt. Also, acrobatics was common in ancient Greece, in India, in ancient Rome. People carried this art through the centuries. During the Renaissance, there was a big boom in popularity - many began to get involved in acrobatics. So, for example, in Italy, “competitions of living architecture” were adopted - people using acrobatic elements built pyramids. As for acrobatics in Russia, it developed here on its own. As in other places on Earth, these physical exercises were very successful here. Not one holiday could pass without the performance of skilled acrobats. Centuries passed, acrobatics moved to a new level and gradually became an independent sport.
In general, the concept of acrobatics is very vague. Of course, today, this is a view sportswhich are engaged in a huge number of young people. However, this is sports acrobatics. And what is acrobatics in general? View gymnastics, which requires the athlete's courage, dexterity, as well as the ability to perfectly master every detail of his body.
Not very clear. True? And what can people of various professional orientations say about this? For example, if a linguist asked the question “What is an acrobat?”, He will answer that an acrobat is a person walking on tiptoe and stretching upwards.
If you ask the historian the same question, he will say that the acrobat is an Hellenic athlete, who can be seen depicted in ancient Greek vases. There you can see how some brave man pushes himself from the horns of an angry bull and does a somersault right above the animal.
If you ask a question to an art critic, he will answer that an acrobat is an artist. Once these people wandered through ancient Rome and showed their various skills, including walking on a tightrope. However, even now an acrobat is a welcome guest of every circus.
Who is an acrobat, according to the connoisseur of modern sports? And the most amazing thing is when a connoisseur of modern sports heard this question, after a little thought, he repeated everything that a linguist, a historian, and an art historian had said before him, and only then spoke about modern acrobats. In his opinion, acrobatics is an accessible and useful sport, the exercises of which gymnasts often resort to training, jumpers in the waterskaters volleyball playersand other athletes.
Modern acrobatics includes 3 types: hopping, steam and group acrobatics. Each view provides its own exercises. The essence of all this? Perform the exercise most ideally, most correctly, most effectively.
Each well-deserved acrobat is able to do a handstand, any upheaval, walk a wheel or do a single or double backflip. Also, he can do a stand on the partner’s hips, a stand on his partner’s hands or on his head. Acrobats can build “living pyramids” and much, much more.
Acrobatics is not only useful, but also dangerous and at the same time spectacular sport.
Classes in acrobatics develop coordination, orientation in space, which applies to self-insurance skills.
It is no accident that the word "acrobat" is explained in the dictionary not only as a person engaged in acrobatics, but simply as a deft, quick person.
2. Sports acrobatics
Acrobatics - sport, competition in execution acrobatic exercisesassociated with maintaining equilibrium (balancing) and the rotation of the body with support and without support.
Acrobat athletes are distinguished by correct posture, sculptured and harmoniously developed muscles. Their actions are characterized by courage, beautymovements; the range of complexity and variety of acrobatic exercises is extremely large: protozoaof these are available to people of different ages and preparedness, and for the development of the most difficult, sometimes, the entire period of a person’s sports activity is not enough. The novelty and variety of exercises guarantee high interest of the students; the skills acquired in acrobatics are very flexible and can be used in the most unexpected sports and life situations; a variety of species (hopping, steam, group) allows boys and girls with different physical data to engage.
Competitions include: acrobatic jumps of women and men, exercises of female, mixed and male couples, group exercises of women (three) and men (four). In each type of program, athletes perform two mandatory and arbitrary exercises: in acrobatic jumps - smooth (includes a backflip with a rotation of no more than 180 °) and screw (includes a backflip with a turn of at least 360 °); in paired and group exercises - static (with balancing) and pace (vaulting). Athletes performances are evaluated according to the system adopted in gymnastics. All partners in a pair or group must belong to one of the age categories: 11-16 years old, 12-18 years old, 14 and older
As an Olympic sport, sports acrobatics arose in 1932 at 10th Olympic Gameswhen men's acrobatic jumps (english ) (tumbling) were included in the gymnastics competition program as a separate sport (demonstration competitions were held at the 1996 Olympicsand 2000 years). Since that time, they began to host competitions in the UK, USA and other countries. INUSSRas an independent sport was formed in the late 1930s. The first All-Union Acrobatics Championship was held in 1939. Women's competitions have been held since 1940, youth competitions - since 1951. First personal world championship op sports acrobaticsheld in Moscow in 1974. The first world cup acrobatics competition was held in Switzerland in 1975.
In the development of sports acrobatics in the USSR, such teachers and trainers as V. N. Bushuev, V. N. Kochergov, A. K. Bondarev, G. T. Trizin, V. I. Leonov, athletes Yu. V. Strakhova, V.I. Arakcheeva, P.M. Antonova.
Against the background of the rest acrobats N. Timofeev, E. Bugaev achieved significant success. In 1985, at the USSR Acrobatic Jumping Championship in Tbilisi, E. Bugaeva first performed the most difficult element - a triple somersault back in the group. Her jump was complicated by E. Chabanenko at the World Championships in Glasgow, where she was the first to demonstrate a triple somersault with two pirouettes and a double Arabian somersault. For a long time, A. Korobeinikova was one of the world leaders in jumping on the track, who successfully jumped in two or three double blanches and double somersaults with screws in one performance. Only in 2011 did Chinese woman Fang Fang Jia perform even more complex exercises (double backflip with three pirouettes, two blanche with two pirouettes) and became the world champion. According to experts, both could qualify for prizes even in men's competitions. Until now, the champion title belongs to the jumper from China.
3. Acrobatics and aerobics
Despite the undeniable similarities between acrobatics and aerobics, they should not be confused. Aerobics, which is sometimes rightly called rhythm, is a complex exerciseperformed to music. It provides an aerobic load on the body, trains the cardiovascular system, which explains its effectiveness against excess weight. Aerobics appeared in the United States in the seventies of the last century, and its goal was to improve the body and systematic weight loss. Acrobatics largely served as the basis for aerobics, which borrowed from her many exercises adapted for ordinary women. Acrobatics itself originated in antiquity, as evidenced by documented evidence from the time of ancient Greece.
The name "acrobatics" has a Greek word in its root, meaning "I walk along the edge." The etymology of this term recreates in memory the image of a circus acrobat who performs complex tricks on the dome, including walking on a rope. For a long time, circus acrobatics, including complex tricks (for example, jumping) and acrobatics as a sport, which is also called sports or gymnastics, has been distinguished today. Aerobics is movement, the charge of a good mood, it is musical and denies all static. Acrobatics teaches endurance, trains flexibility, strength not only of the body, but also of the spirit. And if aerobics is easy to do on your own at home, then acrobatics requires the supervision of a trainer who will make it possible to direct your efforts to your advantage, and not to the detriment.
4. Acrobatics and the muscular system of the child
Acrobatics has a beneficial effect on the growing body of the child, providing him with the necessary amount of motor activity. Physical exercises performed in acrobatics improve the structure and activity of not only the muscular system, but also other important systems, as well as the internal organs of the child. As a result, health is strengthened and performance is improved.
In general, any person needs to maintain a certain level of physical activity every day for normal life and health. Such a need is of a genetic nature and is connected with the fact that a person had to work hard and physically for many centuries of his historical development. Nowadays, the existence of machines and various technologies significantly reduces the physical load that lies on a person every day. By making life easier in this way, we, however, put our own health at risk, which suffers from a lack of movement (lack of exercise).
A passive lifestyle is capable of causing various pathological changes in the child's body, and this primarily concerns the muscular system. When the muscles are inactive, they lose volume and strength, their nutrition worsens, and their elasticity decreases. Acrobatics should be a full-fledged motor compensation for the time spent by the child at the computer or school desk. This is all the more important for primary school and senior preschool age, when the formation of muscles, ligamentous-articular apparatus and bone skeleton is of great importance for the child's body.
At this age, all the muscles of the child, and especially the muscles of the back, are still relatively weak, so the muscular system is still unable to fix the spine for a long time in static poses and maintain the body in the correct position. The child’s bones are very malleable to external influences, and as a result there is a risk of various disturbances in posture due to prolonged static stresses. Acrobatics can perfectly solve these problems and sufficiently strengthen the muscles of the back. In addition, in children at primary school age, some asymmetric development of the muscles of the trunk and limbs is often observed. Usually they are more developed on the right side. Acrobatics due to uniform physical activity contributes to the symmetrical development of muscles, preventing lateral curvature of the spine and forming a full posture in children.It is worth noting that in primary school age, the muscular system is able to intensively develop, which is manifested in an increase in muscle volume and their strength. But without additional training, this process will not go efficiently enough. A sufficient amount of muscle work is needed, which the child will be able to get during acrobatics. In addition, there is a close relationship between the process of respiration and the activity of the muscular system. Performing physical exercises favorably affects breathing and ventilation in the lungs, accelerates the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between air and blood, and improves oxygen consumption by body tissues.
Researchers have found that muscle activity is most closely related to the work of internal organs. This is due to the presence of so-called neuro-visceral connections, which regulate the functioning of internal organs based on the degree of irritation of the nerve endings of muscular-articular sensitivity. Thus, the body adapts to the needs of working muscles, activating the work of the heart, kidneys, liver and other organs. These processes are regulated by the nervous system, which also improves its functions during systematic acrobatics. Chemical studies, in turn, found that constant physical activity produces biochemical changes in tissues and organs, normalizing metabolism at the cellular level.
Acrobatics is able to give the child a sufficient and balanced physical activity, whose beneficial effect on the body is truly unlimited. Working muscles generate energy and send a powerful stream of nerve impulses to the central nervous system, bringing it into tone. Muscular efforts spent on acrobatics help to facilitate the movement of venous blood to the heart and create the necessary tension for the proper functioning of the musculoskeletal system. In connection with the improvement of metabolism, bone mineralization improves and the body's calcium content increases. Thus, acrobatics increase the overall tone, increase the functional resources of the body and stimulate its defenses.
5. How to learn acrobatics
The word "acrobatics" comes from the Greek "acrobatics", which means "one that rises above." Indeed, first acrobatic performances included exercisesrequiring high jumps. Modern acrobatics is a little different. The elements of acrobatics are used in dancing, and it is no accident, because in the process of acrobatics all muscles are involved, which are tensed with different strengths, which contributes to the harmonious development of the body.
In order to learn toacrobatics, you must adhere to some points. Training should be regular, not occasional. All instructions for a particular element must be followed clearly and carefully. Be sure to do an analysis of the performance of acrobatic elements. To do this, you can shoot the process itself on video, and then compare with exemplary performance and draw the appropriate conclusions.
In no case should you jump over elements, that is, without knowing more simple ones, you should not learn complex ones. The fact is that there is a certain acrobatic base on the basis of which you can learn to make such complex acrobatic exerciseslike a jump in several screws, various kinds of flips and others. This base is made up of exercises such as flip-flops, wheel, handstand, rondad and coubet. And if you cannot perform at least one of these elements, then you cannot master more complex exercises.
After you have mastered the simplest elements, it is time to learn more “advanced” ones: back and forth flips, flasks, back and forth flips, and Arab flips. If you learn to perform these movements, then successin acrobatics you are guaranteed.
And in order to learn how to do all these elements correctly, you need to adhere to 4 basic steps. The first stage is a draft. In the course of it, it is important to overcome your fear and understand how this or that exercise is performed. The second stage is to learn the correct technique for performing the element, that is, to do the exercise not only so that it more or less succeeds, but to perform it technically correctly. The third stage involves bringing the execution of elements to automaticity. And in the fourth, your main task is to bring the exercise to perfection.
Even if you have the opportunity to buy a sports equipment home or you are determined to get up on your hands the first time or do the splits, be prudent. An untrained person can not perform complex acrobatic exercises, they are fraught with serious injuries. It is best to do acrobatics in a special section, where the complex of exercises is designed for a certain level of training or for people without training. Acrobatics can be practiced by children and adults, both men and women, it is only important to choose your load and gradually train.
Acrobatics is not only a great way to look like beautiful and fit, but also contribute to the treatment and prevention of problems of the musculoskeletal system.
So do acrobatics and be healthy!
Appendix 1
Scheme-complex acrobatic workout.
300m running
Movement exercises:
Hands in the lock over your head, jerking with your hands behind your head-10 times;
Hands in the castle behind him, jerking hands 10 times;
Bend your arms to the levels of the belt, rotate the body to the right, left-10 times:
Circular rotation of the arms forward, backward - 10 times:
Walking in a semi-squat;
Mats Exercises
Lying on the stomach, emphasis with palms at chest level, straightening your hands to bend without lifting your hips - 10 times.
Lying on your back, hands behind your head, bend your legs at the knees, get up in gray, connecting elbows and knees - 10 times.
Lying on your back - make a "bridge" - 10 times.
Lying on your back raising your legs behind your head - 10 times.
Lying on his stomach with his hands grasping the ankle, bend -10 times.
“Scissors” - 10 times.
“Bicycle” - 10 times.
From the gray on the heels, swing your arms forward, jump to your feet - 10 times.
Performing this warm-up, students warm up very well and are ready to perform further acrobatic exercises.
Appendix 2
Acrobatic exercisesthey are divided into three large groups: jumping, balancing, throwing exercises.
Acrobatic jumps.
This group consists of jumping exercises with partial or full rotation of the body, i.e. supporting and unsupported coups. They are divided into five groups:
Rolls- exercises characterized by rotational movement of the body with a consistent touch of the support without turning over the head. They are performed forward, backward and sideways, in a grouping, bending and bending. Slides are used as independent exercises and as preparatory ones when studying more complex exercises. They are used in floor exercises as connecting elements of some compounds.
Somersaults- rotational movements of the body with successive touching of the support and turning over the head. They run forward, backward and to the side; in a group, bending over and bending over. Flip-flops forward can be performed with flying after a kick.
Coups- rotational movements of the body with complete turning over and intermediate support.
This subgroup includes the following varieties:
1) actually coups with a phase of flight (one or two). They are performed forward, backward, from the start and from the spot;
2) flips with a wheel with successive support with each arm and leg without a flight phase. Run forward, backward and sideways;
3) throws, characterized by a slow, uniform rotation of the body with simultaneous support with hands, hand, without phase of flight. Forward and backward with varying starting and ending positions.
Half-turns.Unlike coups, they do not contain complete rotation. Run forward and backward from one body part to another.
Somersault- The most difficult acrobatic jumps. These are unsupported rotations in the air forward, backward or to the side with full turning over the head. Some types of flips are performed with turns. For example: half pirouette, pirouette, double pirouette, twist.
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description
Trampoline Jumping, Acrobatics
Sports center "Acrobat" offers a great outdoor activity - trampolining for adults and children! A high level of sports service is implemented in three areas:
Classes for adults (group and individual);
Classes for children (two age categories - from 3 to 6 years old, from 7 to 12 years old);
Activities for the whole family (parents with children older than 3 years).
Each direction has its own specifics, so we have developed training programs taking into account the age, physical and psychological characteristics of the training participants.
All classes are conducted by professional trainers with higher sports education and many years of experience in the best sports schools in Moscow. Each trainer of the Acrobat Sports Center has the title of no less than a master of sports in trampolining or in specialized disciplines.
Trampoline halls are equipped with modern and high-quality sports trampolines, foam pits. Recreation areas overlooking the sports area and free wi-fi are open. Spacious locker rooms and showers, free water from the cooler will provide a comfortable rest after intensive studies. Free parking.
Trampoline jumping is only the undoubted “pluses”:
- ideal figure (up to 2 kg can be lost in 1 workout);
- study of all muscle groups;
- excellent posture;
- development of spatial thinking;
- great mood;
- a hobby that will unite the family.
GYMNASTICS
Small training groups of 6-8 people are formed taking into account the age difference optimal for practicing this type of sport: 1.5-2 years; 3-4 years; 5-6 years old; 7-12 years old; 13-17 years old. Training programs for various groups take into account not only age-related characteristics, but also different levels of children's physical fitness. For one lesson, children learn 2-3 sports equipment. An individual approach allows everyone to successfully master the main types of gymnastics, developing strength, endurance, flexibility and dexterity.
In the younger groups, classes are held in a playful way. Parents can be present in the training area and help their kids.
The coaching staff is staffed by professional specialists who have a sports education, sports titles in specialized disciplines and work experience in the best sports schools.
Equipment: a folding bridge, rings, bars, a beam, a crossbeam, a rope, an obstacle course and soft modules for the smallest.
Sports center "Acrobat" - a network of trampoline centers, our halls are located at:
St.m Maryino (Bratislava), st. Pererva, d.19, building 1;
St.m Vorobevy Gory (Sportivnaya), Luzhnetskaya Embankment, 10a, building 4.
All classes are held by appointment only.
Find out the details and sign up for a training session with the administrator of the room by phone. Improve your figure, improve your mood, strengthen relationships with children and be happy every day! Trampoline and gymnastics - for you!
Acrobatics - This is a complex coordination sport, which is one of the most spectacular sports to date.
This sport develops all muscle groups, strengthens the musculoskeletal system, and also educates children in moral-volitional qualities and accustoms them to discipline. The complexity of acrobatics lies in the technical design, including the versatility of the movements of the body, both in the support and in the unsupported position of the body, accompanying the coordination of movements of the arms and legs and the control of the body in space.
The basis of acrobatic jumps are supporting coups and unsupported (somersaults).
Acrobatic exercises: flip-flops, flips, racks, wheels, rondates, somersaults, flasks and many other elements, performed alone, together and in groups, are distinguished by a large number of complex forms and require a high level of general physical development. Therefore, a significant part of the training is given to strengthening all muscle groups with the help of general and special physical exercises.
In the process of mastering the technique of acrobatic exercises, first of all, flexibility and coordination of movements develops, and secondly - speed qualities. Over time, the emotional states of the child stabilize, i.e. with each element studied, uncertainty in their abilities disappears. Such qualities will not only help in sports, but will also be applied in everyday life in the future.
Acrobatics today is divided into the following areas: pair-group acrobatics and jumping on the acrobatic track, jumping on the trampoline and double mini-tramp.
Pair-group acrobatics - male and female couples, mixed couple, female three and male four.
Pair-group acrobatics
Jumping on the track (trampoline) - women's jumps and men's.
Acrobatic Jumping
Psychological training of an athlete involves educating him in the ability to overcome various difficulties that appear in training and competitions, the formation of conscious courage and determination, a delicate calculation of actions, self-control, endurance.
The skills acquired in the classroom are spectacular and are used in the most unpredictable sports and life situations.
SPORTS ACROBATICS FOR CHILDREN - WHAT IS IT
In the modern world, we come to the need to change educational methods. The old Soviet training system is no longer working. It is impossible to raise children equally, a purely individual approach is needed. It is necessary to take into account not only the physical abilities of children (and each child has different ones), but also their mental state, emotional mood.
All children are different. And they differ from each other, first of all, in the properties that nature gave them from birth, and this must be taken into account in training in sports acrobatics for children.
The effectiveness of the training process, first of all, depends on the trainer. First, it is discipline adjustment, group adaptation to the situation, familiarization with physical exercises, gradual familiarization and development of the basic (initial) program of acrobatic elements. Therefore, the training should take place according to a well-established scheme, and its final result is the performance of the discharges according to the program.
Discipline in a group is the key to quickly achieving results in sports acrobatics, as in all other sports, without exception. And for this, the trainer should seek maximum attention and silence from the children.
The study of acrobatic elements requires increased attention from children, and the trainer, in turn, must control all the student’s movements - point out errors and provide high-quality insurance to avoid possible injuries.
The trainer uses all possible methods in the study of acrobatic elements: first he explains, then shows, holds mini-competitions between children, calls someone the best in the group (the “carrot” principle) or punishes if he sees that the child is not trying in the form of a gentle stretch twine (the principle of "whip"). Moreover, each training session should not be repeated, so at the end it is “diluted” with outdoor games or trampolines, for example.
Of course, at first it looks more like general physical education than sports, but this is a prerequisite for children to get used to and withstand future stresses. Unfortunately, not all parents understand this, demanding quick results from the trainer, which not only is not necessary for the child, but can also harm him.
The acrobatics lesson is structured as follows:
Part 1 is a warm-up common to all children.
Part 2 - the study of acrobatic elements, when the trainer works with each child individually.
Part 3 - general and special physical training (strengthening all muscle groups). The whole group performs it together.
The result is directly related to factors such as regular attendance, parental attitudes and, naturally, the qualification of the trainer. But first of all, the result depends on the desire of the child himself. Coaches and parents should do everything possible so that this desire to train is constant in the child.
Sergey Rachek, trainer