Rules of the sport “Boxing. Physical education for everyone: for children and adults Rules for holding boxing competitions
took its roots in England, it is logical that the historically first amateur boxing association, this happened in 1881, later an association was also founded in North America and even began to hold competitions in 1888, France followed the example of the above and also created its own boxing association. Amateur boxing less brutal than professional, but this makes him in no way inferior in intensity to professional passions. The scoring system has something like this formula: Boxers at the beginning of the battle they have zero points, but by striking they gain them so that the point is protected boxer it is necessary that three out of 5 judges record this using special electronic mechanisms. The most authoritative championships on this sport: Olympic Games, where amateur boxing presented since 1904, World and European Championship, regularly held every 4 years since 1974 and 1925 respectively. In 1946, a historic event for the world took place boxing, when a new association (AIBA) was created to replace the previously existing FIBA. Since 1969, the first continental association was formed boxing, European EABA, it should be noted that now each continent is represented by its own association boxing.
All associations are under the main association, which unites associations from 122 countries around the world, receiving significant sponsorship from them. The Association is divided into a number of committees, from judicial and methodological to medical and anti-doping. Locally elected representatives of the countries that are part of the association become AIBA members, who then choose the leadership, who in turn elect the president. The first president was the representative of France E. Gremaud, his successor was the Briton Russell. Once upon a time, *our* representative was also president. In 1974 Nikiforov-Denisov became president of AIBA. In general, the importance of the association is simply undeniable, because it is it that performs the most important functions related to the development of this sport, in particular, it appoints venues for championships, works with judges, and considers proposals from countries that are members of the association. Perhaps it is precisely because of the well-coordinated work of AIBA that the number boxers- amateurs are increasing over the years, we can verify this from a small statistical observation: from the time of the 7 Olympic Games in Antwerp to the 20 Olympic Games in Munich, the number of participants increased from 114 boxers from 11 countries, up to 356 boxers from 51 countries.
Weight categories in Olympic boxing
IN amateur boxing there is a system in place according to which boxers divided by 11 weight categories(the names of the categories are conditional; in official documents only their designation in kilograms is used):
- super heavy weight (over 91 kg);
- first heavy weight (91 kg);
- light heavyweight (81 kg);
- second average weight (75 kg);
- first average weight (69 kg);
- welterweight (64 kg);
- light weight (60 kg);
- featherweight (57 kg);
- bantamweight (54 kg);
- flyweight (51 kg);
- minimum weight (48 kg).
Types of punches in boxing
IN boxing The following main types of strikes are distinguished:
- direct punches (jab, cross);
- side punches (hook, swing);
- blows from below (uppercut).
At the moment, there are uniform rules for conducting fights in the world forboxers- amateurs approved by the International Amateur Boxing Association (AIBA) and the International Olympic Committee (IOC).
Age restrictions. The following age groups exist:
Schoolchildren – 12-13 years old
cadets (girls 14-16 years old) - 14-15 years old
youth (girls 17-18 years old) - 16-17 years old
adults (women over 19 years old) - 18-34 years old
According to AIBA rules, participants can participate in international competitions: athletes not younger than 17 and not older than 34 years.
Competitions. All tournaments are held according to the Olympic system - elimination. For different groups of athletes, the following battle formula has been established:
Schoolchildren 3 rounds of 1-1.5 minutes
Cadets: 3 rounds of 1.5-2 minutes
Youth and adults: 3 rounds of 3 minutes
Boxing competitions can be individual, team and individual-team.
In individual competitions, the boxer who wins the final wins. Starting from 4th place and below, places are distributed according to the number of victories.
In team competitions, the team with the most points wins. For winning a weight category, 2 points are given. 1 point for a loss. In case of no-show or absence of a boxer, 0 points are given.
In personal-team competitions, victory also depends on the number of points scored. Victory - 7 points, second place - 5 points, third place - 3.5 points, 1 point for each victory before the semi-finals. In case of equality of points, the team that finished first wins, etc. places
Boxers who have taken part in professional competitions are not allowed to participate in amateur competitions.
Judging. Any competitions and fights are served by a panel of judges consisting of the following:
The chief judge of the competition monitors the implementation of all competition rules and makes the final decision on all technical issues.
Side judges evaluate boxers actions and decide on the outcome of the fight. Official competitions are served by 5 side judges. 3 judges are allowed, but competitions must not be higher than the regional scale.
The timekeeper monitors the time of the match and gives gong signals.
The informant judge provides information during the competition during breaks between rounds.
The referee monitors the execution of the rules of the competition by boxers directly in the ring and gives them commands.
The judges in front of the participants ensure that all rules are followed before the boxers enter the ring.
The competition commandant monitors the technical and economic equipment of the competition.
The technical delegate is the representative of the country's Boxing Federation at competitions, where, based on their results, the participant can be awarded the title of Master of Sports.
Competitions can be served by both female and male judges and referees. Judges who officiated at professional competitions are not allowed to officiate at amateur competitions.
To service a fight, the referee uses three commands: “stop”, “boxing”, “break”. Remarks and warnings are accompanied by referee gestures that are understandable to boxers and judges.
Violations.
Depending on the type of violation boxer may receive a reprimand from the referee, a warning, or be disqualified. In case of a minor violation, the referee may not stop the fight, but make a reprimand to the boxer or second during the break. Three reprimands for one, and the same violation will result in a warning. If a reprimand is made for an offense for which the Boxer has already received a warning, it will result in a second warning. Three warnings - disqualification. With each warning, the referee must stop the fight and notify the boxer and each of the side judges about it. A warning may follow immediately after a serious violation. And after a particularly gross or deliberate violation, disqualification may immediately follow. Each warning results in additional points being awarded to the opponent.
Types of violations:
- Low blows, knee strikes, kicks.
- Strikes with the shoulder, forearm, elbow.
- Strikes with an open glove, with the wrist, with the edge of the palm, with a backhand.
- Strikes to the back, to the back of the head, to the kidneys, to the back of the neck.
- Choking, wrestling, pushing, holding the opponent.
- Using ropes when attacking.
- Squeezing the opponent's head beyond the line of ropes.
- Grabbing, throwing, piling on an opponent.
- Low bends or dives, dangerous head movements.
- Shackling the enemy's hands and striking.
- Strikes to a lying or rising opponent.
- Passive defense, turning your back to your opponent.
- Unnecessary conversations and insults.
- Failure to comply with referee commands.
- Aggressive behavior towards the referee.
- Spitting out mouth guard.
- Holding an outstretched arm in front of an opponent's face.
Results of the fights:
Victory on points(IN). Determined by the side judges based on the number of points scored by the boxers.
Refusal to continue the fight(OTK). Boxer voluntarily refuses to fight. His second can also refuse by throwing a towel into the ring.
Victory due to clear advantage(YP). Awarded when the opponent misses a large number of blows that threaten his health or the referee counts him the maximum number of knockdowns established by the rules. Depending on age and qualifications, it can be from 1 to 3. Determined by the referee. It can also be awarded if the difference between the missed or delivered blows of one of the opponents (with electronic judging) is 20 points at the beginning of the last round. Boys and women have 15 points.
Inability to continue fighting(NPB). If, as a result of a fight that does not go beyond the rules, a boxer cannot continue the fight due to an injury, victory is awarded to the boxer who scored the most points at the time the fight was stopped (if the fight lasted more than one round). Determined by a doctor or a referee after consulting a doctor.
Victory by disqualification(DSK). If during the fight one of the boxers is disqualified, then the victory is awarded to his opponent. The referee is determined.
Knockout(NK). One of the boxers, as a result of a missed blow, cannot continue the fight for 10 seconds. The referee is determined.
Victory due to opponent's absence(NJ). The boxer is in the ring completely ready for the fight, and his opponent, after the second invitation to the ring and hitting the gong, is absent for 3 minutes or is not ready to start the fight. This victory is also awarded when one of the boxers did not pass the weigh-in or was removed by the doctor before the fight.
Draw. Possible only if specified in advance in the “Regulations on the Competition”. This usually happens at match meetings.
Victory by decision of the Main Jury. Determined in case of controversial situations (incompetence of the referee, failure of the electronic scoring system, etc.).
unforeseen situations. If an incident beyond the control of the Chief Judge occurs in the 1st or 2nd round, then the fight is postponed to the time specified in the “Competition Regulations”. If it occurs after round 2, then the fight is considered over, and the winner is determined by the number of points at the time of the incident.
Classification
Beginners
An athlete engaged in boxing less than 3 months.
3rd category
It is necessary to win 5 fights during the year against beginners in competitions of any scale.
2nd category
Win 10 fights against 3rd category boxers during the year at competitions of any level.
1st category
Win the championship of the republic, territory, region, subject to 3 fights and participation in the weight category of at least 4 athletes of the 1st category.
You can also win 15 fights over the course of a year against 2nd category athletes in competitions no lower than city ones.
Candidate Master of Sports (CMS)
Win the championship of the republic, territory, region with the participation of at least 8 boxers in the weight category, of which 2 are candidates for master of sports.
Win the zonal championship of the country, provided that at least 3 fights are held and there are 2 candidates for master of sports in the category.
Take 1st place at the championship of any DSO among juniors when holding 3 fights and having 2 CCMs in the category.
Win a class "B" tournament with the participation of 8 boxers and the presence of 2 masters (juniors and adults).
Take 1st place at the national championship among senior youths, subject to 3 fights.
Master of Sports (MS)
Take 1st or 2nd place at the Country Cup with at least 3 fights.
Take 1st or 2nd place in zonal competitions of the national championship.
Take 1st or 2nd place at the national championship among juniors when holding 4 fights and having at least 8 masters in the weight category.
Win a class "A" master tournament
Master of Sports of International Class (MSMK)
Take 1st to 5th place at the Olympic Games.
Take a prize place (1-3) at the World Championships.
Take a prize place (1-3) at the European Championship or World Cup.
Take 1-2 place at the Military World Championships or Military World Games.
Win the world junior championship.
Win the European Cup.
Win the European Junior Championship.
Win an international tournament approved by AIBA, provided that the boxer took 1-3 place at the national championship this year.
Honored Master of Sports (ZMS)
Take first place at the Olympic Games.
Take first place at the World Championships.
Take first place at the European Championships.
Becomes a multiple winner of these competitions.
About the rules of boxing. In it you will become familiar with the basic rules of amateur and professional boxing. You will also learn how amateur boxing differs from professional boxing, the main features and rules that exist in these two different sports. So let's start looking.
AIBA (International Association
Amateur Boxing);
WBC (World Boxing Council);
EBU (European Boxing Union);
IBF (International Boxing Federation);
IBU (International Boxing Union);
NBA (National Boxing Association);
NY (New York Athletic Commission);
WBA (World Boxing Association);
WBO (World Boxing Organization).
. Most competitions have three or four roped rings. The floor should be covered with tarpaulin on the outside and felt or rubber on the inside. The maximum ring size is 20 x 20 feet square; minimum 16 by 16 feet for amateurs and 14 by 14 feet for professionals. There must be at least 1 foot 6 inches of floor outside the rope.
National boxing competitions are held according to AIBA rules.
Classification
To avoid fights between unequal opponents, weight categories, age groups and sports categories have been introduced in boxing.
Age groups
In boxing there are the following groups:
- children B (10-12 years old),
- children A (12-14),
- boys (14-16 years old),
- juniors (16-18 years old),
- men (18 years and older).
At championships and sports competitions, age group A of children is further divided into a group from 12 to 13 years old and from 13 to 14 years old. In other competitions, teenagers and juniors can compete in the same fight if at the time of the competition the age difference is no more than 2 years. Fights between juniors and men are prohibited.
Weight categories
Boxers are divided into weight categories based on body weight.
Sports categories
To obtain a sports category, the following prerequisites are required: for beginners - at least 6 victories, for those who have mastered the basics - from 6 to 10 victories, for highly qualified athletes more than 10 victories. Depending on sports success and in accordance with the general sports classification in boxing, there are the categories of master of sports, I, II and III sports categories.
Fight time
Different net match times have been introduced for different age groups. A boxing match is held in 3 rounds. In children's fights, 1 round lasts 1 minute, for youths - 2 minutes, for juniors and men - 3 minutes. Pause between rounds - 1 minute.
Progress of the battle
Before the start of the fight, boxers stand in opposite corners of the ring, marked in red and blue. The ring referee calls them to the middle for a greeting and inspection. He bears the primary responsibility for observing the rules of the fight and can stop the fight at any moment with uniform, worldwide commands.
Combat boxing gloves are made of soft leather with a thick layer of horsehair between the upper leather part and the lining. The gloves are pulled together from the inside of the palm and tied with soft laces. At competitions, schoolchildren and juniors use 10-ounce gloves, men use 8-ounce gloves (1 ounce = 28.5 g).
Boxing rules allow striking only with a clenched fist protected by a boxing glove, the fingers must be bent and pressed against the palm, the thumb pressed against the middle phalanx of the index finger. On modern boxing gloves, the area where punches can be struck is indicated in white.
Blows can only be delivered to the front of the head or torso above the waist. If boxers make dangerous moves or break the rules, the ring judge gives them a warning. The side judges are not required to take into account the comments of the ring judge when awarding points, but they also do not have the right to record comments if they were not made by the ring judge.
Prohibited actions are established by the rules of boxing and include:
- capturing an opponent
- all kinds of fighting and pushing,
- blows to the back of the head and torso,
- blows delivered by any part of the body other than the striking part of the fist,
- turning your back to your opponent and bending below the waist,
- conversations during battle,
- conducting passive combat,
- wearing clothing that is not required by the rules, etc.
Like any other game, boxing has rules that must be strictly followed. Anyone who is about to start training or has already started training will benefit from knowing the main principles of fighting among professionals and amateurs. By learning the basic rules of boxing, you will make your training more effective and targeted. Regular exercises and sparring with a partner will allow you to quickly consolidate theory into practice. Focusing on young and just beginning athletes, we present the rules of boxing quite briefly.
Boxing rules for beginners
Boxing is an individual contact sport. During a fight, two athletes punch each other above the waist. In this case, various fighting techniques and techniques are used, and combat tactics are chosen. The goal is to hit the enemy as many times as possible and protect yourself from his attacks.
According to the rules of boxing, competitions are held in a special ring, in which only a referee can be present during the fight, in addition to two athletes. Fighters must wear gloves of the same weight. The rules for punches in boxing are regulated, and judges award a certain number of points for successful attacks. Accented blows made with the front part of the glove to the torso above the waist or the opponent’s head are counted.
Depending on the age and skill level of the athletes, the fight may have a different number of rounds. So, for example, boys 12-14 years old compete in 3 rounds of 1 minute each - the rules of boxing for beginners are more relaxed. Partners must match each other in age, experience and weight. The winner of the battle is the athlete whose account has more points at the end of all rounds. If the opponent is knocked out, victory is awarded immediately - this rule applies to all types of boxing in the ring.
Amateur boxing rules
Since 1904, boxing has been included in the Olympic Games program. The rules of combat in adult amateur boxing imply fights having 4 rounds of 2 minutes each. When determining the winner, the number of points received for the entire battle is calculated. The rules of amateur boxing involve wearing gloves in which the thumb is adjacent to the rest. This allows you to protect your opponent from being hit too hard.
Professional boxing rules
A professional boxing match can last up to 12 rounds. The winner of the round receives 10 points, and the loser - from 6 to 9. As a result, the one who was given the victory by at least two judges wins. The fight is carried out according to strict boxing rules, in a mouthguard and special ones. The fight can be stopped early at the request of one of the fighters, if the strength of the opponents is unequal, which can be decided by the judges, or on the instructions of a doctor.
Violation of rules in boxing
Violations of the rules in boxing are strictly monitored by referees and judges. In case of non-compliance, the athlete may be warned, punished by deduction of earned points or disqualified. Athletes are prohibited from striking below the belt, in the back, in the kidneys, or in the back of the neck. Attacks should only be made with the front of the glove. You cannot fight, grab, lean on an opponent, or hit someone who is down. It is forbidden to defend yourself passively or turn your back to your opponent. This is basic information about what rules are required in boxing. Beginning athletes should master them first. Strict adherence to the rules in a sport like boxing is strictly necessary. The fighters in the ring treat each other with respect and strictly follow the referee's instructions.
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Age restrictions. The following age groups exist:
younger boys - 12 years old;
average boys - 13-14 years old;
older boys and girls - 15-16 years old;
juniors and girls - 17-18 years old;
adults and women - 19-34 years old;
Depending on age, there are restrictions on the number of fights in a certain time.
Boys under 15 years old: 2 fights 30 days
Boys and girls 15-16 years old: 3 fights 15 days, 5 fights 30 days
Juniors and adults (men and women): 4 fights 15 days, 5 fights 30 days.
Beginners are allowed to compete only after 3 months of boxing training.
According to AIBA rules, athletes no younger than 17 and no older than 34 can participate in international competitions.
Competitions. All tournaments are held according to the Olympic system - elimination. For different groups of athletes, the following battle formula has been established:
- Boys 12-14 years old
- beginners and 3rd category: 3 rounds of 1 minute
- 1st and 2nd category: 3 rounds of 1.5 minutes - Boys 15-16 years old, girls and women
- beginners: 3 rounds of 1 minute
- 3rd and 2nd category: 3 rounds of 1.5 minutes
- 1st category and above: 3 rounds of 2 minutes - Juniors and adults
- beginners: 3 rounds of 1.5 minutes
- 3rd and 2nd category: 3 rounds of 2 minutes
- 1st category and above: 4 rounds of 2 minutes
Competitions can be personal, team and individual-team.
In individual competitions, the boxer who wins the final wins. Starting from 4th place and below, places are distributed according to the number of victories.
In team competitions, the team with the most points wins. For winning a weight category, 2 points are given. 1 point for a loss. In case of no-show or absence of a boxer, 0 points are given.
In personal-team competitions, victory also depends on the number of points scored. Victory - 7 points, second place - 5 points, third place - 3.5 points, 1 point for each victory before the semi-finals. In case of equality of points, the team that finished first wins, etc. places
Young men are allowed to fight with young men of the same year of birth. Juniors 18 years of age are allowed to participate in adult competitions. It is allowed to conduct fights of related sports categories. Boxers of the 1st category are allowed to box with masters of sports, including international ones. In all cases, it is not allowed to conduct more than 1 battle per day.
Boxers who have taken part in professional competitions are not allowed to participate in amateur competitions.
Judging. Any competitions and fights are served by a panel of judges consisting of the following: The chief judge of the competition monitors the implementation of all competition rules and makes the final decision on all technical issues. The side judges evaluate the actions of the boxers and decide on the outcome of the fight. Official competitions are served by 5 side judges. 3 judges are allowed, but competitions must not be higher than the regional scale. The timekeeper monitors the time of the match and gives gong signals. The informant judge provides information during the competition during breaks between rounds. The referee monitors the execution of the rules of the competition by boxers directly in the ring and gives them commands. The judges in front of the participants ensure that all rules are followed before the boxers enter the ring. The competition commandant monitors the technical and economic equipment of the competition. The technical delegate is the representative of the Russian Boxing Federation at competitions, where, based on their results, the participant can be awarded the title “Master of Sports of Russia.”
Competitions can be served by both female and male judges and referees. Judges who officiated at professional competitions are not allowed to officiate at amateur competitions.
To service a fight, the referee uses three commands: “stop”, “boxing”, “break”. Remarks and warnings are accompanied by referee gestures that are understandable to boxers and judges.
You can find out more about the duties of judges and other nuances in the rules of amateur boxing here.
Violations. Depending on the type of violation, the boxer may receive a remark, a warning from the referee, or be disqualified. In case of a minor violation, the referee may not stop the fight, but make a reprimand to the boxer or second during the break. Three notices for the same violation will result in a warning. If a reprimand is made for an offense for which the Boxer has already received a warning, it will result in a second warning. Three warnings - disqualification. With each warning, the referee must stop the fight and notify the boxer and each of the side judges about it. A warning may follow immediately after a serious violation. And after a particularly gross or deliberate violation, disqualification may immediately follow. Each warning results in additional points being awarded to the opponent.
Types of violations: Low blows, knee strikes, kicks.
Strikes with the shoulder, forearm, elbow.
Strikes with an open glove, with the wrist, with the edge of the palm, with a backhand.
Strikes to the back, to the back of the head, to the kidneys, to the back of the neck.
Choking, wrestling, pushing, holding the opponent.
Using ropes when attacking.
Squeezing the opponent's head beyond the line of ropes.
Grabbing, throwing, piling on an opponent.
Low bends or dives, dangerous head movements.
Shackling the enemy's hands and striking.
Strikes to a lying or rising opponent.
Passive defense, turning your back to your opponent.
Unnecessary conversations and insults.
Failure to comply with referee commands.
Aggressive behavior towards the referee.
Spitting out mouth guard.
Holding an outstretched arm in front of an opponent's face.
Results of fights. The results of fights are of the following types:
Victory on points (VO). Determined by the side judges based on the number of points scored by the boxers.
Refusal to continue the fight (OTK). The boxer voluntarily refuses to fight. His second can also refuse by throwing a towel into the ring.
Victory due to clear advantage (JP). Awarded when the opponent misses a large number of blows that threaten his health or the referee counts him the maximum number of knockdowns established by the rules. Depending on age and qualifications, it can be from 1 to 3. Determined by the referee. It can also be awarded if the difference between the missed or delivered blows of one of the opponents (with electronic judging) is 20 points at the beginning of the last round. Boys and women have 15 points.
Inability to continue fighting (ICP). If, as a result of a fight that does not go beyond the rules, a boxer cannot continue the fight due to an injury, victory is awarded to the boxer who scored the most points at the time the fight was stopped (if the fight lasted more than one round). Determined by a doctor or a referee after consulting a doctor.
Victory by disqualification (DSC). If during the fight one of the boxers is disqualified, then the victory is awarded to his opponent. The referee is determined.
Knockout (NK). One of the boxers, as a result of a missed blow, cannot continue the fight for 10 seconds. The referee is determined.
Victory due to opponent's non-appearance (NO). The boxer is in the ring completely ready for the fight, and his opponent, after the second invitation to the ring and hitting the gong, is absent for 3 minutes or is not ready to start the fight. This victory is also awarded when one of the boxers did not pass the weigh-in or was removed by the doctor before the fight.
Draw. Possible only if specified in advance in the “Regulations on the Competition”.
Victory by decision of the Main Jury. Determined in case of controversial situations (incompetence of the referee, failure of the electronic scoring system, etc.).
Unexpected situations. If an incident beyond the control of the Chief Judge occurs in the 1st or 2nd round, then the fight is postponed to the time specified in the “Competition Regulations”. If it occurs after round 2, then the fight is considered over, and the winner is determined by the number of points at the time of the incident.
Professional boxing rules
There are many differences and similarities in the rules of amateur and professional boxing.Rating. There are no competitions as such in professional boxing. Although now a trend towards holding European and World Championships is beginning to emerge. Perhaps these tournaments will become permanent. There is a rating system here. All victories, defeats and draws of the boxer are included in the consolidated rating list. The types of victories are also taken into account - by knockout or points. The achievements of an athlete in the amateur ring before joining the “professionals” do not count. Each of the main organizations (WBA, WBO, IBF, WBC) has its own slightly different rules and rating lists. The boxer who ranks first in the organization's ranking is a contender for the world title. The world champion himself does not participate in rating battles, but he is allowed to hold “friendly” matches that do not count towards the rating standings. He can meet with world champions in other versions. If a boxer is a world champion in all major versions, he is considered the absolute world champion (Kostya Ju). If a world champion is defeated while defending the championship belt, a rematch may be scheduled. Recently, the head of the WBC, Jose Sulaiman, announced the intention of the World Boxing Council to hold the 1st World Cup according to the rules of professional boxing.
There is only one age limit in professional boxing - the boxer must be at least 18 years old. It doesn’t matter what experience a boxer has in amateur boxing, but he must fight his first fight in his “professional” career according to the fight formula: 4 rounds of 3 minutes. Ranked battles usually last 6 or 8 rounds. The fight for the world title takes place over 12 rounds of 3 minutes each. The boxing teams agree on the fight formula, the time and date of the fight and other restrictions in advance, usually several months in advance. The boxer’s opponent is also determined in advance. This makes it possible to study the skills of your opponents and prepare tactically. In Russia, in order for a boxer to compete for the title of Russian champion, he needs to have 2 fights of 6 rounds and 2 fights of 8 rounds.
Judging. Direct refereeing is carried out by a referee and three side judges. Also involved in the match are a timekeeper judge, an informant judge, a doctor, and a supervisor. Referees and side judges are invited to rating fights by the promoter. For championship fights, referees and judges are appointed by the organization according to which the fight is taking place.
The referee is the "master" of the ring. Everything that happens in the ring is carried out under the control of the referee.
The side judge keeps track of the points awarded to each boxer and after each round passes the results reflected in the judge's note to the referee.
The timekeeper monitors the number of rounds and breaks and their duration.
The judge-informant prepares and informs everyone present about the boxers, the refereeing team, etc.
The Supervisor performs the same functions as the Chief Judge in amateur competitions, and also monitors the distribution of financial resources (prize funds, travel expenses, etc.).
Seconds - each boxer cannot have more than 4 of them. One of them is the main one and can be located during breaks inside the ring. No more than two seconds can climb onto the ring platform.
Scoring. Conducted by side judges. The winner of the round receives 10 points, the loser at least 6 points. Electronic scoring system is not permitted. In championship fights, in order to avoid a draw, if the number of points earned by the boxers is equal, victory is given to the boxer who wins the most rounds. When calculating points, the strength of the blow is also taken into account (unlike amateurs). 3 light blows are equal to 1 hard blow. There are also heavy blows and punches that lead to knockouts. Usually, preference in the round is given to the boxer who knocked down his opponent.
Violations. They are limited to almost the same limits as in amateur boxing.
Results of the fight. The result of the fight can be the same as in amateur boxing. It should be noted that a draw is an acceptable and quite common result (except for championship fights).
Victory by points (VP) is awarded to the boxer who scores the most points during the bout.
Technical victory on points (TPO). One of the boxers was injured and cannot continue the fight as a result of an unintentional violation of the rules, victory is given to the boxer who scored the most points at the time the fight was stopped (starting from round 3).
Knockout (NK). The Boxer is unable to continue the fight after the fight is stopped and the referee counts the 10-second pause, or finds himself outside the ring and is unable to get into the ring and continue the fight after the referee counts the 20-second pause.
Technical knockout (TNK). As a result of the actions of one of the boxers, committed within the rules, the other cannot continue, in the opinion of the referee, the fight (injury, strong knockdown, difference in skill, etc.).
Draw (LF). Awarded if two side judges made the opposite decision and the third judge recorded a draw, or all three judges (or two of three) recorded a draw.
Technical draw (TNT). It is recorded if the boxer injured his opponent as a result of an unintentional violation of the rules in the 1st or 2nd round, or at the time the fight was stopped, none of the athletes has a points advantage.
Disqualification (DSK). A boxer is disqualified by the referee for an intentional, gross violation of the rules or one that leads to serious consequences. Refusal to continue the fight (OTK). One of the boxers himself or his main second may refuse to continue the fight for various reasons, or the boxer after the gong does not leave the corner to continue the fight. Victory is given to the opponent.
No decision (BR). The referee is accepted due to the absolute impossibility of continuing the fight in the first two rounds for reasons beyond the control of the boxers and the judging panel. In this case, the boxers keep their rating unchanged.